选课管理系统

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <ctime>
#include <vector>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
// 教师类
class Teacher
{
public:
    string id, name, gender, college, hireDate;
    int age;

    Teacher() = default;
    Teacher(string id, string name, string gender, int age, string college, string hireDate)
        : id(id), name(name), gender(gender), age(age), college(college), hireDate(hireDate) {}

    // 输入输出运算符重载
    friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Teacher& t)
    {
        in >> t.id >> t.name >> t.gender >> t.age >> t.college >> t.hireDate;
        return in;
    }
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Teacher& t)
    {
        out << t.id << " " << t.name << " " << t.gender << " " << t.age << " " << t.college << " " << t.hireDate;
        return out;
    }

    void display() const
    {
        cout << setw(10) << id << setw(10) << name << setw(10) << gender
            << setw(5) << age << setw(15) << college << setw(15) << hireDate << endl;
    }
};

// 学生类
class Student
{
public:
    string id, name, gender, category, college, admissionDate;
    int age;

    Student() = default;
    Student(string id, string name, string gender, int age, string category, string college, string admissionDate)
        : id(id), name(name), gender(gender), age(age), category(category), college(college), admissionDate(admissionDate) {}

    friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Student& s)
    {
        in >> s.id >> s.name >> s.gender >> s.age >> s.category >> s.college >> s.admissionDate;
        return in;
    }
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Student& s)
    {
        out << s.id << " " << s.name << " " << s.gender << " " << s.age << " "
            << s.category << " " << s.college << " " << s.admissionDate;
        return out;
    }

    void display() const
    {
        cout << setw(10) << id << setw(10) << name << setw(10) << gender
            << setw(5) << age << setw(10) << category << setw(15) << college
            << setw(15) << admissionDate << endl;
    }
};

// 课程类
class Course
{
public:
    string id, name, category;
    int credits;

    Course() = default;
    Course(string id, string name, int credits, string category)
        : id(id), name(name), credits(credits), category(category) {}

    friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Course& c)
    {
        in >> c.id >> c.name >> c.credits >> c.category;
        return in;
    }
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Course& c)
    {
        out << c.id << " " << c.name << " " << c.credits << " " << c.category;
        return out;
    }

    void display() const
    {
        cout << setw(10) << id << setw(15) << name << setw(5) << credits
            << setw(15) << category << endl;
    }
};

// 授课信息类
class TeachingInfo
{
public:
    string id, teacherId, courseCode, startTime;

    TeachingInfo() = default;
    TeachingInfo(string id, string teacherId, string courseCode, string startTime)
        : teacherId(teacherId), courseCode(courseCode), startTime(startTime), id(id) {}

    friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, TeachingInfo& t)
    {
        in >> t.id >> t.teacherId >> t.courseCode >> t.startTime;
        return in;
    }
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const TeachingInfo& t)
    {
        out << t.id << t.teacherId << " " << t.courseCode << " " << t.startTime;
        return out;
    }

    void display() const
    {
        cout << setw(10) << id << setw(10) << teacherId << setw(10) << courseCode << setw(15) << startTime << endl;
    }
};

// 选课信息类
class Enrollment
{
public:
    string studentId, teacherId, courseCode, enrollTime, id;
    double grade;

    Enrollment() = default;
    Enrollment(string id, string studentId, string teacherId, string courseCode, double grade, string enrollTime)
        : id(id), studentId(studentId), teacherId(teacherId), courseCode(courseCode), grade(grade), enrollTime(enrollTime) {}

    friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Enrollment& e)
    {
        in >> e.id >> e.studentId >> e.teacherId >> e.courseCode >> e.grade >> e.enrollTime;
        return in;
    }
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Enrollment& e)
    {
        out << e.id << e.studentId << " " << e.teacherId << " " << e.courseCode << " " << e.grade << " " << e.enrollTime;
        return out;
    }

    void display() const
    {
        cout << setw(10) << id << setw(10) << studentId << setw(10) << teacherId << setw(10) << courseCode
            << setw(5) << grade << setw(15) << enrollTime << endl;
    }
};

bool isLeapYear(int year) {
    // 闰年判断：能被4整除且不能被100整除，或者能被400整除
    return (year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0);
}

bool checkDate(string dateStr) {
    // 格式：YYYY-MM-DD
    if (dateStr.size() != 10 || dateStr[4] != '-' || dateStr[7] != '-') {
        return false;
    }

    int year, month, day;
    char dash1, dash2;

    std::istringstream iss(dateStr);
    iss >> year >> dash1 >> month >> dash2 >> day;

    // 如果格式不正确，或者读取失败，返回false
    if (iss.fail() || dash1 != '-' || dash2 != '-') {
        return false;
    }

    // 检查年份是否合理（例如，假设年份范围在 1900 到 9999 之间）
    if (year < 1900 || year > 9999) {
        return false;
    }

    // 检查月份范围
    if (month < 1 || month > 12) {
        return false;
    }

    // 每个月天数的最大值
    int daysInMonth;
    switch (month) {
    case 1: case 3: case 5: case 7: case 8: case 10: case 12:
        daysInMonth = 31;
        break;
    case 4: case 6: case 9: case 11:
        daysInMonth = 30;
        break;
    case 2:
        daysInMonth = isLeapYear(year) ? 29 : 28;
        break;
    default:
        return false;
    }

    // 检查日期是否合法
    if (day < 1 || day > daysInMonth) {
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

// 文件保存与加载
template <typename T>
void saveToFile(const string& filename, const vector<T>& data) {
    ofstream outFile(filename);
    for (const auto& item : data) outFile << item << endl;
}

template <typename T>
void loadFromFile(const string& filename, vector<T>& data) {
    ifstream inFile(filename);
    if (!inFile) {
        cerr << "Warning: 未找到文件 " << filename << "，从空白开始！" << endl;
        return;
    }
    T item;
    while (inFile >> item) data.push_back(item);
}

template <typename T>
void deleteItem(vector<T>& data, const string& identifier, const string& filename) {
    for (auto it = data.begin(); it != data.end(); ++it) {
        if (it->id == identifier) {  // 匹配唯一标识符（如工号、学号等）
            data.erase(it);
            saveToFile(filename, data);
            cout << "删除成功！" << endl;
            return;
        }
    }
    cout << "未找到指定项！" << endl;
}

template <typename T>
void modifyItem(vector<T>& data, const string& identifier, const string& filename) {
    bool found = false;
    for (auto& item : data) {
        if (item.id == identifier) {  // 
            cout << "找到项，请输入新的数据(包括编号)：" ;
            cin >> item;
            found = true;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (found) {
        saveToFile(filename, data);
        cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
    }
    else {
        cout << "未找到指定项！" << endl;
    }
}

void modifyTeacherItem(vector<Teacher>& data, const string& identifier, const string& filename) {
    bool found = false;
    vector<string> collages = { "计算机学院" ,"土木学院","经济学院","生化学院","教育学院" };
    vector<string> sexs = { "男","女" };
    for (auto& item : data) {
        if (item.id == identifier) {  // 
            cout << "找到项，请输入新的数据" << endl;
            cout << "输入姓名:";
            cin >> item.name;
            for (auto temp : sexs) {
                cout << temp << " ";
            }
            cout << "输入性别(0:男,1:女):";
            int ij;
            while (true) {
                cin >> ij;
                if (ij != 0 && ij != 1) {
                    cout << "重新输入性别" << endl;
                }
                else if (ij == 0) {
                    item.gender = "男";
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    item.gender = "女";
                    break;
                }
            }
            cout << "输入年龄:";
            cin >> item.age;
            int tt1 = 0;
            for (auto temp : collages) {
                cout << tt1 << "." << temp << endl;
                tt1 += 1;
            }
            cout << "选择学院(输入数字):";
            cin >> ij;
            item.college = collages[ij];
            cout << "输入入职时间(yyyy-mm-dd):";
            string time_;
            while (true) {
                cin >> time_;
                if (checkDate(time_)) {
                    item.hireDate = time_;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    cout << "日期不规范，请重新输入:";
                }
            }
            found = true;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (found) {
        saveToFile(filename, data);
        cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
    }
    else {
        cout << "未找到指定项！" << endl;
    }
}

void modifyStudentItem(vector<Student>& data, const string& identifier, const string& filename) {
    bool found = false;
    vector<string> collages = { "计算机学院" ,"土木学院","经济学院","生化学院","教育学院" };
    vector<string> sexs = { "男","女" };
    for (auto& item : data) {
        if (item.id == identifier) {  // 
            cout << "找到项，请输入新的数据" << endl;
            cout << "输入姓名:";
            cin >> item.name;
            for (auto temp : sexs) {
                cout << temp << " ";
            }
            cout << "输入性别(0:男,1:女):";
            int ij;
            while (true) {
                cin >> ij;
                if (ij != 0 && ij != 1) {
                    cout << "重新输入性别" << endl;
                }
                else if (ij == 0) {
                    item.gender = "男";
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    item.gender = "女";
                    break;
                }
            }
            cout << "输入年龄:";
            cin >> item.age;
            cout << "输入类别:";
            cin >> item.category;

            int tt1 = 0;
            for (auto temp : collages) {
                cout << tt1 << "." << temp << endl;
                tt1 += 1;
            }
            cout << "选择学院(输入数字):";
            cin >> ij;
            item.college = collages[ij];


            cout << "输入入学时间(yyyy-mm-dd):";
            string time_;
            while (true) {
                cin >> time_;
                if (checkDate(time_)) {
                    item.admissionDate = time_;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    cout << "日期不规范，请重新输入:";
                }
            }
            found = true;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (found) {
        saveToFile(filename, data);
        cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
    }
    else {
        cout << "未找到指定项！" << endl;
    }
}

// 显示主菜单
void showMenu() {
    cout << "****************************" << endl;
    cout << "*****  1.教师信息      *****" << endl;
    cout << "*****  2.学生信息      *****" << endl;
    cout << "*****  3.课程信息      *****" << endl;
    cout << "*****  4.授课信息      *****" << endl;
    cout << "*****  5.选课信息      *****" << endl;
    cout << "*****  6.退出      *****" << endl;
    cout << "****************************" << endl;
    cout << "请输入您的选择: ";
}


void teacherMenu(vector<Teacher>& teachers) {
    int choice;
    vector<string> collages = { "计算机学院" ,"土木学院","经济学院","生化学院","教育学院"};
    vector<string> sexs = { "男","女" };
    int temp;
    do {
        cout << "1. 添加教师\n2. 修改教师\n3. 删除教师\n4. 查看所有教师" << endl;
        cout << "0. 退出\n请输入您的选择: ";
        cin >> choice;
        switch (choice) {
        case 1: {
            system("cls");
            Teacher t;
            //cout << "输入工号 名称 性别 年龄 学院 入职时间: ";
            cout << "输入工号:";
            cin >> t.id;
            cout << "输入姓名:";
            cin >> t.name;
            for (auto temp : sexs) {
                cout << temp << " ";
            }
            cout << "输入性别(0:男,1:女):";
            int ij;
            while (true) {
                cin >> ij;
                if (ij != 0 && ij != 1) {
                    cout << "重新输入性别" << endl;
                }
                else if (ij == 0) {
                    t.gender = "男";
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    t.gender = "女";
                    break;
                }
            }
            cout << "输入年龄:";
            cin >> t.age;
            int tt1 = 0;
            for (auto temp : collages) {
                cout << tt1 <<"." << temp << endl;
                tt1 += 1;
            }
            cout << "选择学院(输入数字):";
            cin >> ij;
            t.college = collages[ij];
            cout << "输入入职时间(yyyy-mm-dd):";
            string time_;
            while (true) {
                cin >> time_;
                if (checkDate(time_)) {
                    t.hireDate = time_;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    cout << "日期不规范，请重新输入:";
                }
            }
            teachers.push_back(t);
            saveToFile("teachers.txt", teachers);
            cout << "添加成功" << endl;
            break;
        }

        case 2: { // 修改教师信息
            string id;
            system("cls");
            cout << "输入要修改的教师工号: ";
            cin >> id;
            modifyTeacherItem(teachers, id, "teachers.txt");
            break;
        }

        case 3: { // 修改教师信息
            system("cls");
            string id;
            cout << "输入要删除的教师工号: ";
            cin >> id;
            deleteItem(teachers, id, "teachers.txt");
            break;
        }
        case 4: {
            system("cls");
            for (const auto& t : teachers) t.display(); 
            break; 
        }
        case 0: cout << "退出" << endl; break;
        default: cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！" << endl;
        }
    } while (choice != 0);
}
void studentMenu(vector<Student>& students) {
    int choice;
    vector<string> collages = { "计算机学院" ,"土木学院","经济学院","生化学院","教育学院" };
    vector<string> sexs = { "男","女" };
    do {

        cout << "1. 添加学生\n2. 修改学生\n3. 删除学生\n4. 查看所有学生" << endl;
        cout << "0. 退出\n请输入您的选择: ";
        cin >> choice;
        switch (choice) {
        case 1: {
            system("cls");
            Student s;
            //cout << "输入学号 名称 性别 年龄 类别 学院 入学时间: ";
            cout << "输入学号:";
            cin >> s.id;
            cout << "输入姓名:";
            cin >> s.name;
            for (auto temp : sexs) {
                cout << temp << " ";
            }
            cout << "输入性别(0:男,1:女):";
            int ij;
            while (true) {
                cin >> ij;
                if (ij != 0 && ij != 1) {
                    cout << "重新输入性别" << endl;
                }
                else if (ij == 0) {
                    s.gender = "男";
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    s.gender = "女";
                    break;
                }
            }
            cout << "输入年龄:";
            cin >> s.age;
            cout << "输入类别:";
            cin >> s.category;

            int tt1 = 0;
            for (auto temp : collages) {
                cout << tt1 << "." << temp << endl;
                tt1 += 1;
            }
            cout << "选择学院(输入数字):";
            cin >> ij;
            s.college = collages[ij];


            cout << "输入入学时间(yyyy-mm-dd):";
            string time_;
            while (true) {
                cin >> time_;
                if (checkDate(time_)) {
                    s.admissionDate = time_;
                    break;
                }
                else {
                    cout << "日期不规范，请重新输入:";
                }
            }

            students.push_back(s);
            saveToFile("students.txt", students);
            cout << "添加成功" << endl;
            break;
        }

        case 2: { 
            system("cls");
            string id;
            cout << "输入要修改的学生学号: ";
            cin >> id;
            modifyStudentItem(students, id, "students.txt");
            break;
        }

        case 3: { 
            system("cls");
            string id;
            cout << "输入要删除的学生学号: ";
            cin >> id;
            deleteItem(students, id, "students.txt");
            break;
        }
        case 4: {
            system("cls");
            for (const auto& s : students) s.display(); 
            break;
        }
        case 0: cout << "退出系统！" << endl; break;
        default: cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！" << endl;
        }
    } while (choice != 0);
}
void courseMenu(vector<Course>& courses) {
    int choice;
    do {

        cout << "1. 添加课程\n2. 修改课程\n3. 删除课程\n4. 查看所有课程" << endl;
        cout << "0. 退出\n请输入您的选择:  ";
        cin >> choice;
        switch (choice) {

        case 1: {
            system("cls");
            Course c;
            cout << "输入课程编号 名称 学分 类别: ";
            cin >> c;
            courses.push_back(c);
            saveToFile("courses.txt", courses);
            cout << "添加成功" << endl;
            break;
        }

        case 2: {
            string id;
            system("cls");
            cout << "输入要修改的课程编号: ";
            cin >> id;
            modifyItem(courses, id, "courses.txt");
            break;
        }
        case 3: {
            string id;
            system("cls");
            cout << "输入要删除的课程编号: ";
            cin >> id;
            deleteItem(courses, id, "courses.txt");
            break;
        }
        case 4: {
            system("cls");
            for (const auto& c : courses) c.display(); 
            break;
        }
        case 0: cout << "退出系统！" << endl; break;
        default: cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！" << endl;
        }
    } while (choice != 0);
}
void teachInfoMenu(vector<TeachingInfo> teachingInfos) {
    int choice;
    do {

        cout << "1. 添加授课信息\n2. 修改授课信息\n3. 删除授课信息\n4. 查看所有授课信息" << endl;
        cout << "0. 退出\n请输入您的选择: ";
        cin >> choice;
        switch (choice) {

        case 1: {
            system("cls");
            TeachingInfo t;
            cout << "输入授课信息编号 教师工号 课程编号 开设时间: ";
            cin >> t;
            teachingInfos.push_back(t);
            saveToFile("teaching_info.txt", teachingInfos);
            cout << "添加成功" << endl;
            break;
        }

        case 2: { 
            system("cls");
            string id;
            cout << "输入要修改的授课信息编号: ";
            cin >> id;
            modifyItem(teachingInfos, id, "teaching_info.txt");
            
            break;
        }

        case 3: { 
            string id;
            system("cls");
            cout << "输入要删除的授课信息编号: ";
            cin >> id;
            deleteItem(teachingInfos, id, "teaching_info.txt");
            break;
        }
        case 4: {
            system("cls");
            for (const auto& t : teachingInfos) t.display(); 
            break;
        }
        case 0: cout << "退出系统！" << endl; break;
        default: cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！" << endl;
        }
    } while (choice != 0);
}
void enrollMenu(vector<Enrollment> enrollments) {
    int choice;
    do {

        cout << "1. 添加选课信息\n2. 修改选课信息\n3. 删除选课信息\n4. 查看所有选课信息" << endl;
        cout << "0. 退出\n请输入您的选择: ";
        cin >> choice;
        switch (choice) {
        case 1: {
            Enrollment e;
            cout << "输入选课信息编号 学生学号 教师工号 课程编号 成绩 选修时间: ";
            cin >> e;
            enrollments.push_back(e);
            saveToFile("enrollments.txt", enrollments);
            system("cls");
            break;
        }
        case 2: { // 修改学生信息
            string id;
            cout << "输入要修改的选课信息编号: ";
            cin >> id;
            modifyItem(enrollments, id, "enrollments.txt");
            system("cls");
            break;
        }
        case 3: { // 修改学生信息
            string id;
            cout << "输入要修改的选课信息编号: ";
            cin >> id;
            deleteItem(enrollments, id, "enrollments.txt");
            system("cls");
            break;
        }
        case 4: for (const auto& e : enrollments) e.display(); break;
        case 0: cout << "退出系统！" << endl; break;
        default: cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！" << endl;
        }
    } while (choice != 0);
}

int main() {
    vector<Teacher> teachers;
    vector<Student> students;
    vector<Course> courses;
    vector<TeachingInfo> teachingInfos;
    vector<Enrollment> enrollments;

    // 加载数据
    loadFromFile("teachers.txt", teachers);
    loadFromFile("students.txt", students);
    loadFromFile("courses.txt", courses);
    loadFromFile("teaching_info.txt", teachingInfos);
    loadFromFile("enrollments.txt", enrollments);

    int choice;
    do {
        showMenu();
        cin >> choice;
        switch (choice) {
        case 1: {
            system("cls");
            teacherMenu(teachers);
            system("cls");
            break;
        }
        case 2: {
            system("cls");
            studentMenu(students);
            system("cls");
            break;
        }
        case 3: {
            system("cls");
            courseMenu(courses);
            system("cls");
            break;
        }
        case 4: {
            system("cls");
            teachInfoMenu(teachingInfos);
            system("cls");
            break;
        }
        case 5: {
            system("cls");
            enrollMenu(enrollments);
            system("cls");
            break;
        }
        case 6: cout << "退出系统！" << endl; break;
        default: cout << "输入错误，请重新输入！" << endl;
        }
    } while (choice != 6);

    return 0;
}